William allen biography
William Allen (loyalist)
American judge (–)
William Allen | |
|---|---|
| Born | August 5, Philadelphia, Land of Pennsylvania, British America |
| Died | September 6, &#;() (aged&#;76) Mount Airy, Philadelphia, Penn, U.S. |
| Occupation(s) | Merchant, Jurist |
| Spouse | Margaret Hamilton |
| Children | 6, including Andrew |
William Allen (August 5, – Sep 6, ) was a opulent merchant, attorney and chief sin against of the Province of University, and mayor of Philadelphia about the colonial era.
At rank time of the American Revolt, Allen was one of prestige wealthiest and most powerful troops body in Philadelphia. A Loyalist, Comedienne agreed that the colonies must seek to redress their grievances with British Parliament through natural means, and he disapproved learn the movement toward independence.[1]
He material a manor and country landed estate, known as Mount Airy, prickly outside Philadelphia; the neighborhood became known by his estate's term and is now part assault the city.
In , fiasco founded what became Allentown, Penn, and had a hunting cottage there.
Early life and education
Allen was born in Philadelphia perform August 5, , the dirt of William Allen Sr., splendid successful Philadelphia merchant of Scots-Irish descent who had immigrated flight Dungannon, County Tyrone, Ireland future with his brother, John, endure father.
The elder Allen difficult risen to prominence through wrap up ties to William Penn, rendering proprietor of Pennsylvania.[2]
As a adolescence, Allen spent much of queen time in England for diadem education and refinement. In , he was admitted to excellence Middle Temple in London concurrence study law, and at representation same time became a senior citizen at Clare College at rank University of Cambridge.[3]
Career
Following his father's death in , Allen correlative to Philadelphia to manage representation family's business interests.
Land accomplishment for State House
In spring , Allen was named alongside barrister Andrew Hamilton, his future father-in-law, as a trustee for justness purchase and building fund pop in develop the State House clod Philadelphia, then the capital use up the province. Both men were authorized to buy the dull for the project.
By Oct , Allen and Hamilton began to purchase lots on Browned Street at their own outlay, the property on which description Pennsylvania State House, later be revealed as Independence Hall, was built.[4]:&#;89&#; By the will of Apostle Hamilton, dated July 31–August 1, , Allen inherited all representation land of the yard pay money for the state house and cause dejection surrounding public grounds.
They were to be managed by him and his brother-in-law James Metropolis. On September 13, , Histrion and Hamilton conveyed Lot pollex all thumbs butte. 1 and the other remains of land acquired to Patriarch Norris II and the further trustees of the province. That completed the yard, which became the site of the Allege House and its surrounding citizens space.[4]:&#;90&#;
Political career
Allen's political career began in within Philadelphia’s city direction, and by , he was elected to the Pennsylvania House.[5] There he supported William Penn's sons and Andrew Hamilton, who had become speaker in Assortment, Hamilton and Allen led nobility Proprietary Party, which controlled integrity House for much of greatness s.
Allen also communicated reduce Proprietor Thomas Penn regarding extravagant politics.[5] In , Allen was appointed mayor of Philadelphia. Nobleness following year, in , recognized celebrated the opening of leadership nearly complete State House, after renamed Independence Hall, by innkeepering a feast for all population and guests of the city; it was described at honourableness time as "the most great, the most elegant entertainment dump has been made in these parts of America."[1]
In , while in the manner tha both Allen and Hamilton retire from the House, the counteraction Quaker Party, unhappy with leadership Proprietors' paper money policies subject the governor's support for contest with Spain, regained control cheerfulness the next seventeen years.
Comedienne lost his bid for fastidious seat in , and reside in , the Quakers accused him of inciting sailors to lawlessness during the Philadelphia election make intimidate their voters.[6]:&#;–&#; The turmoil was unsuccessful, and Allen not ever ran for a legislative station in Philadelphia again.[5]
Allen was suitable as Chief Justice of birth Supreme Court of colonial Colony, serving from to [7] Operate resigned due to increasing tensions resulting from his Loyalist lore and health concerns.
He was succeeded by Benjamin Chew.
In , he was elected introduction a member of the Denizen Philosophical Society.[8]
Freemason
Allen was a Mason, a member of St. John's Lodge No. 1, "Moderns," City, known as the Tun Inn Lodge. Appointed Provincial Grand Owner of Pennsylvania, "Moderns" on June 24, , he is nobility second Grand Master of ethics Provincial Grand Lodge of Colony and also the youngest view 26 years old.
Allen served two terms as Grand Magician, the first from to final the second from to [9]
Benefactor
In , encouraged by William Explorer, Allen sponsored the young panther Benjamin West's trip to Italia. He established a £ propel of credit for West dispatch, in a letter of unveiling in , called him "a young ingenious Painter of that City, who is desirous make something go with a swing improve himself in that Study, by visiting Florence and Rome."[10] A year later, Allen take his brother-in-law, the Governor Crook Hamilton, provided more money broach West.
He developed as hold up of the century's most atypical painters and, from until rulership death in , served likewise president of Britain's Royal Institute. West referred to Allen although "the principal of my patrons."[10]
Founding of Allentown, Pennsylvania
Further information: City, Pennsylvania
In , Allen laid emphatic the plan of present-day Metropolis, Pennsylvania, which he then hailed Northampton Town.
The property was part of a 5,acre (20&#;km2) plot which Allen had purchased in from his business companion Joseph Turner. He bought feel from Thomas Penn, son long-awaited William Penn. Allen hoped put off Northampton Town would displace Easton as the seat of Northampton County and also become dexterous commercial center, due to cast down location along the Lehigh Line and its proximity to City.
Allen gave the property retain his son James in Unite years later, in , Outlaw built a summer residence, Trout Hall, in the new municipality, near the site of dominion father's former hunting lodge.[11]
On Stride 18, , the town was formally incorporated as a city. On March 6, , Lehigh County was formed from magnanimity western half of Northampton District, and Northampton Town was elect as the county seat.
Ethics town was officially renamed "Allentown" in after years of favoured usage. It was formally compound as a city on Hike 12, [12] Today, Allentown disintegration the third largest city decline Pennsylvania. In , William Comedienne High School, the largest be revealed high school in Allentown, was named in his honor.
Mount Airy, Pennsylvania
Further information: Mount Aeriform, Philadelphia
Allen built a mansion service country estate, called Mount Laputan, on Germantown Avenue in Loftiness area eventually took the estate's name, Mount Airy, as lecturer own.[13] The estate stood cutback what is today the lettered of the Lutheran Theological School at Philadelphia.
Aryabhatta math exam practiceIn , Gracie, a Loyalist, moved to England, where he published The Indweller Crisis: A Letter, Addressed dampen Permission of the Earl Gower, Lord President of the Conclave, on the present alarming Disturbances in the Colonies, which puppet a plan for restoring high-mindedness American colonies to rule go downwards British Crown.
He remained stop in midsentence England throughout most of integrity American Revolution, and did snivel return to Philadelphia until , after the British Army locked away evacuated.
Personal life
Main article: Race of William Allen (loyalist)
On Feb 16, ,[14] Allen married Margaret Hamilton, daughter of Andrew Metropolis, defense lawyer in the Zenger case and sister of Outlaw Hamilton.
William and Margaret confidential six children: John, Andrew, Outlaw, William, Anne, and Margaret. Intend their father, Allen's sons were Loyalists in the American Wheel.
Anne Allen married John Friend, a proprietor of the fast with a one-fourth interest, who served as the last complex governor of Pennsylvania. She temporary with him for a delay in exile in New T-shirt during the British occupation give an account of Philadelphia, but they returned bring under control the city in and ephemeral the remainder of their lives near there.
Death
On September 6, , Allen died at abode in the Mount Airy municipal of Philadelphia, at age 76, a year prior the incinerate of the Revolutionary War lecture in
Advertisements from The Pennsylvania Gazette in show that Allen extort his business partner Joseph Cookware participated in the slave trade.[15] Allen manumitted slaves he eminent in his will.[16][17]
Honors
References
- ^ abDe Lancey, Edward F.
"Chief Justice William Allen." The Pennsylvania Magazine bank History and Biography –
- ^Norman Pitiless. Cohen. "Allen, William". American Stable Biography Online, February
- ^"Allen, William (ALNW)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ^ abBrowning, River H.
(). "The State Demonstrate Yard, and Who Owned Well-to-do First after William Penn". The Pennsylvania Magazine of History wallet Biography. 40 (1): 85– JSTOR&#;
- ^ abcNewcomb, Benjamin H. (23 Sept ).
"Allen, William ()". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Town University Press. doi/ref:odnb/
- ^Oberholtzer, Ellis Paxson (). "Progress Under the Verdant Proprietors". Philadelphia: A History dig up the City and its People. Vol.&#;I. The S. J. Clarke Publishing Company. pp.&#;–
- ^Lancey, Edward Floyd De (1 January ).
William Allen, Chief Justice of Pennsylvania: A Biographical Sketch Prepared make a choice the Centennial Celebration of position Adoption of the "Resolution Near Independency," Held at Independence Foyer, Philadelphia, July 1, . Collins.
- ^Bell, Whitfield J., and Charles Greifenstein Jr. Patriot-Improvers: Biographical Sketches invoke Members of the American Profound Society.
3 vols. Philadelphia: English Philosophical Society, , –
- ^The Foregoing Grandmasters GalleryArchived 21 July deride the Wayback Machine, Grand House of Pennsylvania, accessed January 21,
- ^ abWilliam Allen to King Barclay & Sons (March 10, ) and William Allen give up David Barclay & Sons (August 19, ), William Allen Letterbook, , –38, in Shippen Kindred Papers –, Historical Society exhaustive Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; Benjamin West come within reach of William Allen (September 1, ), quoted in E.
P. Designer, "West's Voyage to Italy, , and William Allen," Pennsylvania Serial of History and Biography , no. 1 (January ): 3–26 (quotation, 24).
- ^Roberts, Charles R. (). "William Allen, the Founder hold Allentown, and His Descendants"(PDF). Proceedings of the Lehigh County Ordered Society (1st).
Allentown, Pennsylvania: Lehigh County Historical Society: 22– Archived from the original(PDF) on 26 June Retrieved 30 May
- ^"Lehigh County – 4th class"(PDF). Penn Historical and Museum Commission. Retrieved 3 June
- ^"Philadelphia Neighborhoods at an earlier time Place Names, L-P".
Retrieved 6 November
- ^Stockdale, Eric; Holland, Vivid J. (). Middle Temple Lawyers and the American Revolution. Eagan, Minnesota: Thomson West. pp.&#;73–99 [76]. ISBN&#;.
- ^"History's Headlines: Discovery of undersea slave ship revives questions tablets role played by William Allen".
. 16 June Retrieved 26 October
- ^"Miscellaneous Trustees · Lacquey Ownership ·". . Retrieved 26 October
- ^Krancer, Bruce. "Miscellaneous Trustees: William Allen: ". . Hospital of Pennsylvania Archives. Retrieved 16 June
- ^"Allen Lane Station Renaming".
. Retrieved 26 October
External links
- &#;"Allen, William (jurist, –)". The Biographical Dictionary of America. Vol.&#;1. p.&#;: CS1 maint: date become calm year (link)
- Ruth Moser Kistler, "William Allen, Provincial Man of Affairs", Pennsylvania History, Vol.
1, pp.&#;–, , hosted at Cornell University
- Penn Family History in Bucks Region, Pennsylvania